The influence of the preparation on metabolism processes in pedigree cows in the conditions of the Surkhandarya region.

Keywords: pedigree cow, metabolism, technogenic factor, "Miosta H®", clinical signs, blood changes, milk productivity.

Relevance of the Topic
One of the main obstacles in implementing the agrarian reforms carried out by the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the problem of livestock diseases caused by alimentary, endemic, and technogenic factors. These diseases lead to animal weakness, reduced milk productivity, decreased reproductive function, and often result in cases of forced slaughter. This creates significant economic losses for farms, which emphasizes the importance of developing modern preventive measures to combat these severe pathologies.

Research Object and Methods
The research was conducted in 2023-2024 on 5-6-year-old Holstein cows in the conditions of the “Chorvodor Normo’min” farm located in the Angor district of the Surkhandarya region. Initially, organoleptic analysis of liver and thyroid gland tissues was carried out on cows from the farm. Clinical diagnostics were performed, and blood samples from the animals were analyzed using standardized methods for morphological-biochemical testing. Soil samples from the region were analyzed for trace elements and salinity levels.

For the experiment, five Holstein cows were selected. Initially, the “Miosta H®” preparation was administered intramuscularly at 2.5 ml on both sides of the neck, totaling 5 ml.

The cows in the experiment underwent clinical examinations for 30 days. Morphological-biochemical blood tests were conducted regularly. Milk productivity was monitored.

Results of the Research and Their Analysis
The research showed that the use of the “Miosta H®” preparation in cows resulted in a consistent improvement in overall condition, increased appetite, and stabilization of heart, vascular, respiratory, and nervous system function, as well as improved liver function.

Table 1

Dynamics of Morphological-Biochemical Blood Indicators in Cows Using “Miosta H®”

Note: A — beginning of the experiment, March 15, 2024; B — end of the experiment, April 15, 2024.

Table 2

Results of Milk Sample Analysis Using “LAKTAN” Analyzer in Cows

Note: A — beginning of the experiment, March 15, 2024; B — end of the experiment, April 15, 2024.

Blood sample analysis showed that after 30 days, the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, total protein, and glucose increased by an average of 10-50%, and the cholesterol level decreased by 10-20%. A stable hematocrit level was also observed (Table 1).

The results showed that the use of the preparation increased milk productivity by 35-50%, and fat content by 10-45% (Table 2).

Conclusions:

• In the conditions of Surkhandarya region, metabolic disorders in animals manifest as disturbances in protein and mineral exchange, iodine deficiency, and fatty liver dystrophy, leading to complex pathologies.

• Due to the impact of technogenic factors and extreme conditions, cows exhibit metabolic disruptions, iodine deficiency, and liver dystrophy, which are expressed in clinical signs such as decreased milk productivity, tachycardia, increased respiratory rate, dyspepsia, fluorosis, and other disorders.

• Under extreme conditions, the use of  “Miosta H®” leads to an improvement in the overall condition, increased appetite, normalization of heart, vascular, respiratory, and nervous system functions, and stabilization of liver function.

• The use of “Miosta H®” in recommended doses contributes to an increase in fat content in milk, as well as a 35-50% increase in milk productivity and a 10-45% increase in fat content.

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